24考研题源外刊阅读《纽约客》双语精读版训练– 天黑请闭眼|翻译
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上期翻译答案
It means students in receipt of the maximum maintenance loan, studying outside of London,will be£611 worse off than if the Government had uprated loans in line with inflation.
这意味着，在伦敦以外地区学习的、接受最高生活贷款的学生，将比政府根据通货膨胀提高贷款的情况要少收611英镑。
1.worse off: if you are worse off, you have less money
《本期内容》
双语阅读
Among the many looming ecological disasters that terrify us today, one that only a handful of people have contemplated as sufficiently looming and terrifying is the loss of the bats in ourbelfry. According to “The Darkness Manifesto” (Scribner), by the Swedish ecologist Johan Eklöf, most churches in southwest Sweden had bat colonies back in the nineteen-eighties, and now most of them don’t.
如今在很多让我们感到害怕的迫在眉睫的生态灾难中，有一种情况只有少数人认为足够迫在眉睫、足够可怕，那就是我们钟楼里蝙蝠的消失。根据瑞典生态学家Johan Eklöf编著的《黑暗宣言》中的内容，瑞典西南部的大多数教堂在20世纪80年代都有蝙蝠聚居地，而现在大多数都没了。
Light pollution, his research suggests, has been a major culprit: “District after district has installed modern floodlights to show the architecture it’s proud of, all the while the animals—who have for centuries found safety in the darkness of the church towers and who have for 70 million years made the night theirabode—are slowly but surely vanishing from these places.”
他在研究中指出，光污染是其中的一个主要原因：“各个地区接连安装了现代的探照灯来展示城市引以为傲的建筑，与此同时，几个世纪以来一直在黑暗的教堂塔楼中寻找庇护，7000万年来一直把夜晚作为它们的居所的动物们，缓慢但确实地正在从这些地方消失。”
The difference between light and dark is, in a way, arbitrary: what counts as light and what as darkness depends on what wavelengths we discern. But thenocturnalworldgives rise tocreatures, equipped with large-pupilled and infrared-sensitive eyes, that see what we cannot and that, under cover of darkness, act as we can only imagine.
光明和黑暗的区别在某种程度上是主观武断的：什么算光明，什么算黑暗，取决于我们能感知到的波长。但是在夜间活动的世界塑造的生物拥有大号瞳孔以及对红外线敏感的眼睛，它们能看到我们看不到的东西，在夜色的掩护下，它们能做到我们只能想象的事情。
We learn, for instance, of the ghost moths, a species in which the adult males appear in fields intwilight, white as their namesakes and just asevanescent-seeming, floating eerily as they signal to the females—only to mate once and then fall to the ground dead. Though Eklöf tells us that these Tristan-and-Isolde-like creatures are threatened by the confusing presence of artificial light and that moths play a crucial role as pollinators (“something of invaluable importance for keeping our ecosystem intact and thriving”), what one recalls is theplaintivedoom of their couplings.
例如我们知道的幽灵蛾，成年雄性蛾在黄昏时分出现在田野里，它们的身体像名字一样白，而且似乎很容易小时，当它们向雌性发出信号时，会怪异地漂浮在空中，只交配一次就倒地死亡。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~
Nor are bugs and birds alone affected by the light; so are plants, and so are humans. Our eyes adapt badly to darkness, and our night vision—which is activated by the pigment proteinrhodopsin—takes a long while toturn on, as anyone who leans back on a car roof to watch the evening stars knows. By now, cities such as Singapore and Hong Kong are so brightly lit that their inhabitants scarcely call on night vision at all, and, as their rhodopsin becomes superfluous, they may well create descendants who, in even middling darkness, are as blind as, it turns out, bats are not.
不仅是虫类和鸟类会受到光影响；植物和人类也是如此。我们的眼睛对黑暗的适应能力很差，而我们的夜视能力——由色素蛋白视紫红质激活——需要很长一段时间才能激活，任何一个躺在车顶上看过夜空繁星的人都知道这一点。如今，像新加坡和中国香港这样的城市如此之明亮，市民几乎不需要夜视能力，而且，随着视紫红质变得多余，即使是中等程度的黑暗，他们的后代也很可能会像蝙蝠一样看不清。
本文节选自：newyorker（纽约客）
发布时间：2023.02.20
作者：Adam Gopnik
原文标题：Is Artificial Light Poisoning the Planet?
词汇积累
1.belfry
英/ ˈbelfri /美/ ˈbelfri /
n.钟楼；钟塔
2.abode
英/ əˈbəʊd /美/ əˈboʊd /
n.住处；营业所
v.遵守；停留；忍受（abide 的过去分词）
3.nocturnal
英/ nɒkˈtɜːn(ə)l /美/ nɑːkˈtɜːrn(ə)l /
adj.（动物）夜间活动的；夜间发生的
4.twilight
英/ ˈtwaɪlaɪt /美/ ˈtwaɪlaɪt /
n.黄昏，薄暮时分；暮光，暮色；衰退期，朦胧状态
adj.朦胧的，模糊的，虚幻的
5.evanescent
英/ ˌevəˈnes(ə)nt /美/ ˌevəˈnes(ə)nt /
adj.容易消散的；逐渐消失的；会凋零的
6.plaintive
英/ ˈpleɪntɪv /美/ ˈpleɪntɪv /
adj.哀伤的；悲哀的
7.rhodopsin
英/ rəʊˈdɒpsɪn /美/ roʊˈdɑːpsɪn /
n.[生化] 视紫红质；视网膜紫质
词组搭配
1.give rise to 使发生，引起
2.turn on 打开；发动；取决于；使兴奋；攻击
写作句总结
原句：Among the many looming ecological disasters that terrify us today, one that only a handful of people have contemplated as sufficiently looming and terrifying is the loss of the bats in our belfry.
结构：Among the many XX that V. us today, one that only a handful of people have contemplated as sufficiently Ving is…
例句：Among the many examples of environmental protection that inspire us today, one that only a handful of people think they can do is separate their waste.
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